Journey in Time and Space in the Traces of Wind and Watermills

Although most of the mills in Hungary fell victim to the storms of time, it’s still possible to find buildings today that are standing in their original place and would be able to provide their original function even right now. Wind and watermills once were part of the view of Hungarian landscapes, and were important sites of the everyday life of settlements. In the 19th century more than ten thousand mills were kept account of in the country. However, industrial development did not leave this field untouched either. In the past two hundred years hundreds of milling structures vanished.  However, some of them could be preserved; they can be admired in their untouched splendour, in eye-catching environment.

We may find precious mills in every part of Hungary, in the Transdanubia, the Great Hungarian Plain, in the mountains and along rapid water streams. They have one thing in common: all of them are memories of the ancient craft of millers. Mills are complex and at the same time amazing structures, which due to the versatile knowledge of millers prepared valuable flour from the grains of wheat. Millers also continuously maintained and repaired the mechanics ensuring grinding. The profession provided a good standard of living to the millers since the Middle Ages. In the Western territories of Hungary watermills were more popular and they had an important role in the life of communities. The size and the appearance of watermills were obviously determined by the energy providing watercourses. At the end of the 19th century thousands of stream mills and boat mills grinded in Hungary. The great advantage of the latter was that being a mobile structure, its position could be easily changed adapting to the flow of water. The structure was fixed on a boat, and they docked it at the highest current section of the river. Luckily anyone see even today how such a structure looked like, as in Ráckeve visitors are welcome in the mill on the Danube. Constant wind direction and wind speed are not typical of Hungary’s weather, therefore it’s understandable that windmills – following the Dutch model – started to spread only after the 17th century. The constructions provided with huge paddles and sails were built mostly in the regions of the Great Hungarian Plain and the Danube–Tisza Interfluve. Here millers had the most work in April, in the capricious moth millstones were grinding day and night.

In the Bakony Plateau once four mills grinded the wheat, today only two of them show that millers had a lot to do in the windy zone. The building covered with wood shingles still attract many visitors, surrounded by wheat fields they look like postcards. The mill can be opened with a heavy and big key, inside former millstones and huge wooden gearwheels are remembering the past. From the top of the windmill we can have a bird’s-eye view of the landscape, exactly from the point where millers in the past could monitor the arrival of carriages filled with wheat and corn.

The centuries of turbulent history left hardly a trace on the wooden building. Walking on the terraces built around the mill we feel as if we were floating on the water of river Old Túr. The river gently flowing in the North Eastern corner of the country moved the mill’s water wheels from the end of the 1700s. The monument located in beautiful surroundings is the great pride of the region, it is unique in all Europe. The structure located in its spacious and bright interior is functional to this day, and on a special request it is also set in motion which makes a trip to Túristvándi really memorable.

The fabulous building is on top of a Cuman mound, its silhouette can be seen from a distance. The mill built in the middle of the 19th century is a monument today, stepping inside feels like time has stopped. At the sight of the impressive wooden structures we might have a strange feeling, and we can almost see the bags filled with grains, the creaking stairs covered in flour, thus the busy days of the ancient windmill. The blue water of the fishpond behind the building completes the panorama. The area is home to several bird species, so make sure to take a telescope with you.